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Child
Mortality Status in AP and Other States
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The under-5 mortality for 0-4 year age group
would be dominated by the high levels of IMR currently prevalent
in AP and other Indian states. Hence we examine the child
mortality in the 1-4 year age group to supplement the preceding
analysis of IMR. The SRS does not readily provide child mortality
estimates for 1-4 years. But the NFHS provides child mortality
estimates. Figure 1 shows child mortality for AP and other states
according to NFHS-1 in 1992-93 and NFHS-2 in 1998-99. Andhra
Pradesh shows slightly higher child mortality, compared to Tamil
Nadu and Karnataka. The decline in child mortality between the two
NFHS survey periods was negligible for Andhra Pradesh in
comparison to other south Indian states like Kerala, Tamil Nadu
and Karnataka. Madhya Pradesh shows the highest child mortality
rate among the neighboring states of AP.
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Figure 1: Child mortality in AP and other states
according to NFHS-1&2 |
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Source: NFHS-1 data from IIPS
(1995) Table-8.8 p221; NFHS-2 data from IIPS(2000) Table-6.6 p194 |
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Causes of death in
childhood in Andhra Pradesh: |
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Causes of death estimate for AP during the 1990s
is available from Mahapatra (2000). Table 1 shows common causes of
death in the 0-4 year age group. Lower Respiratory Infections (or
Acute Respiratory Infection, ARI), low birth weight, diarrhoeal
diseases are the three top killers in infancy and clearly
childhood. About 10000 infants and less than five year old
children in AP die of these three diseases every year. These high
incidence of deaths due to low birth weight, ARI and diarrhoea
also points to the dominance of risk factors like under nutrition,
illiteracy, poor water supply and sanitation. Other significant
causes of death of infants and young children in AP are bacterial
meningitis, birth trauma, malaria, whoophing cough and accidents. |
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| Table 1: Cause of death among 0-4 years age group in AP for the year 1991 |
| Causes |
Females |
Males |
Total |
| Lower respiratory infections (ARI) |
32.7 |
23.8 |
24.2 |
| Low birth weight |
29.9 |
22.5 |
22.5 |
| Diarrhoeal diseases |
17.2 |
13.8 |
13.4 |
| Bacterial meningitis and meningococcaemia |
5.7 |
3.6 |
3.9 |
| Birth asphyxia and birth trauma |
5.3 |
3.6 |
3.8 |
| Malaria |
4.1 |
3.4 |
3.3 |
| Pertusis |
3.0 |
2.0 |
2.2 |
| Other unintentional injuries |
3.9 |
1.1 |
2.0 |
| Other infectious diseases |
3.0 |
1.65 |
1.9 |
| Perinatal conditions |
2.1 |
2.0 |
1.8 |
| Cirrhosis of the liver |
3.1 |
0.8 |
1.5 |
| All Cause deaths (number) |
53247 |
80371 |
151033 |
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Source: Mahapatra, Estimating National Burden of Disease, 2001.
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Updated by
Samatha Reddy
Dated: 17/08/2003 |
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